Service manual Caterpillar 326 Excavator with C7.1 Engine | JYM00001-UP

2D, 2D Advanced, and 3D GRADE System for Next Gen Hydraulic Excavators
– 2D Accuracy – Test
– 3D Accuracy – Test
– 3D Boom Foot Pin Position – Test
– 3D GNSS Antenna Position – Test
– 3D Project – Setup
– 3D System Components – Test
– A6N2 Network Manager Port Configurations – Check
– Basic Troubleshooting Practices
– Bucket Measure-Up – Test
– Bucket Sensor – Check and Adjust
– Bucket Wear – Adjust – Length J-J1
– Calibration – 3D Measure-Up with GNSS
– Calibration – 3D Measure-Up with Total Station
– Calibration – Bucket Measure-Up for Bucket Type Work Tool
– Calibration – Bucket Measure-Up for Tilt Bucket Type Work
– Calibration – Bucket Measure-Up for Tilt-Rotator Bucket Type
– Calibration – Bucket Sensor – AMR or IMU
– Calibration – Front IMU Fine Calibration – Optional
– Calibration – Inertial Measuring Unit (IMU)
– Calibration – Inertial Measuring Unit (IMU) Identification
– CAN Data Link – Test
– Chassis IMU – Test
– Configuration – Correction Sources
– Configuration – GRADE ECM
– Configuration – Machine/Implement ECM Settings
– Configuration – User Permissions
– Connector Locations
– Determining Diagnostic Trouble Codes
– Device Software/Firmware
– Diagnostic Capabilities
– Diagnostic Trouble Codes
– EC520 – Replace
– EC520 ECM – Access
– EC520 ECM – Check and Install
– ECM – Check and Install
– ECM – Configure
– ECM – Replace
– ECM Software – Install
– Electrical Connector – Inspect
– Emerging Symptom Information
– Error Messages – GNSS Receivers (GRADE 3D Display
– Features
– Front Linkage – Test
– General Information
– General Information
– GNSS – Replace
– GNSS Correction Source – Install
– GNSS Receiver Firmware – Check and Install
– GRADE Application – Check and Install
– GRADE TD520 Operating System – Check and Install
– IMU – Replace
– IMU Calibrated Angle – Test – Boom, Stub Boom, One-Piece Boom,
– Machine Preparation for Troubleshooting
– Sensor (Data Link Type) – Test
– Sensor Signal (PWM) – Test
– Sensor Supply – Test
– Service Tool Accuracy – Test – Indicator (Digital Level)
– Service Tools
– Symptom Troubleshooting
– System Accuracy – Test
– System Components
– Tilt Sensor Firmware – Check and Install
– Tilt-Rotator Sensor Firmware – Check and Install
– Visual Inspection
– Wiring Harness (Open Circuit) – Test
– Wiring Harness (Short Circuit) – Test
– Work Tool Tilt Angle -Test
– Work Tool Tip Tilting – Test
– ZSNAP – System Snapshot
326, 326 GC, 330, 330 GC, 335, 336, 336 GC and 340 Excavator Tool Control
– Combined Function – Electric Relief
– Combined Function – Electric Relief – Default Value of Work
– Combined Function – Electric Relief – Default Value of Work Tool
– Combined Function – Electric Relief – Parameter Adjustment
– Combined Function – Electric Relief – Parameter Setting
– Combined Function – Electric Relief – Relief Valve (Line) – Test
– Combined Function – Manual Relief
– Combined Function – Manual Relief – Default Value of Work
– Combined Function – Manual Relief – Default Value of Work Tool
– Combined Function – Manual Relief – Parameter Adjustment
– Combined Function – Manual Relief – Parameter Setting
– Combined Function – Manual Relief – Relief Valve (Line) – Test
– General Information
– General Information
– Joystick and Pedal – Calibrate
– Joystick and Pedal – Calibrate
– Medium Pressure Hydraulic System
– Medium Pressure: Default Value of Work Tool Parameters
– Medium Pressure: Relief Valve (Line) – Test and Adjust
– Medium Pressure: Relief Valve (Line) – Test and Adjust
– Medium Pressure: Relief Valve (Main) – Test and Adjust
– Medium Pressure: Relief Valve (Main) – Test and Adjust
– One-Way/One Pump
– One-Way/One Pump – Default Value of Work Tool Parameters
– One-Way/One Pump – Default Value of Work Tool Parameters
– One-Way/One Pump – Parameter Adjustment
– One-Way/One Pump – Parameter Setting
– One-Way/One Pump – Relief Valve (Line) – Test and Adjust
– Process for Setting Up the Work Tool
– Sensors
– Solenoid Valve (Proportional Reducing) – Calibrate – High
– Solenoid Valve (Proportional Reducing) – Calibrate – Main Pump
– Solenoid Valve (Proportional Reducing) – Calibrate – Medium
– Solenoid Valve (Proportional Reducing) – Calibrate – Medium
– Solenoid Valve (Proportional Reducing) – Calibrate – Variable
– Solenoid Valves
– Solenoid Valves
– Switches
– System Identification
– System Identification
– Work Tool – Select
– Work Tool Parameter – Program
– Work Tool Parameter – Program
– Work Tool Parameters – Control Functions
Air Conditioning and Heating R134a for All Cat Machines
– General Information
– Refrigerant Orifice Tube System
– Refrigerant Compressor
– Refrigerant Compressor
– Refrigerant Compressor
– Refrigerant Condenser
– Refrigerant Condenser
– Refrigerant Receiver-Dryer
– Refrigerant Receiver-Dryer
– Refrigerant Expansion Valve
– In-line Refrigerant Dryer
– Identifying the Refrigerant
– In-line Refrigerant Dryer
– Refrigerant Orifice Tube Assembly
– Refrigerant Orifice Tube Assembly
– Evaporator Coil
– Refrigerant Accumulator
– Refrigerant Accumulator
– Refrigerant Accumulator
– Refrigerant Compressor Protection System
– Temperature Control
– Temperature Control
– Identifying the Refrigerant
– Pressure Switch (Refrigerant)
– Pressure Switch (Refrigerant)
– Cab Pressurization and Filtration System
– Cab Pressurization and Filtration System
– Cab Pressurization and Filtration System
– Condensate Drainage System
– Condensate Drainage System
– Service Intervals
– Service Intervals
– Glossary of Terms
– Identifying the Air Conditioning System
– General Troubleshooting Information
– General Troubleshooting Information
– Machine Preparation for Testing and Adjusting
– Machine Preparation for Testing and Adjusting
– Air Conditioning Performance – Test
– Refrigerant Leakage – Test
– Manifold Gauge Set (Refrigerant) – Install
– Manifold Gauge Set (Refrigerant) – Install
– Refrigerant Recovery
– Refrigerant Recovery
– Identifying the Air Conditioning System
– Refrigerant System – Flush
– Refrigerant Oil – Test
– Refrigerant Compressor – Test
– Refrigerant Compressor – Test
– Refrigerant Compressor – Test
– Refrigerant System – Evacuate
– Refrigerant System – Evacuate
– Refrigerant System – Charge
– Refrigerant System – Charge
– Manifold Gauge Set (Refrigerant) – Remove
– Identifying the Heating System
– Manifold Gauge Set (Refrigerant) – Remove
– Compressor Protection System – Test
– Compressor Protection System – Test
– Electronic Heat Control – Test
– Electronic Heat Control – Test
– Heater Performance – Test
– Heating and Air Conditioning Service Publications
– General Information
– General Information
– Machine Preparation for Disassembly and Assembly
– Refrigerant Expansion Valve System
– Air Conditioner Lines – Remove and Install
– Refrigerant Compressor – Remove and Install
– Refrigerant Accumulator – Remove and Install
– Refrigerant Expansion Valve – Remove and Install
– Refrigerant Receiver-Dryer – Remove and Install
– In-Line Refrigerant Dryer – Remove and Install
– Refrigerant Orifice Tube Assembly – Remove and Install
– Refrigerant Expansion Valve System
– Refrigerant Orifice Tube System
– General Information
Bluetooth Operator ID and Machine Security System (MSS)
– Bluetooth Transceiver – Test
– Configuration – Fleet/Key Configuration
– Configuration – Machine Security System
– Data Link
– Diagnostic Operation
– Electronic Control Module (ECM)
– Factory Password – Obtain
– General Information
– General Information
– Glossary of Terms
– Key – Program
– Key Information
– Machine Security System – Uninstall
– Normal Operation – Hydraulic Excavators
– Normal Operation – Other Machines
– Operation of Status Indicator
– Protected Functions
– Scheduled Access – Program – Security System Bypass
– Scheduled Access – Security System Bypass Times
– Service Operation Using Service Tool
– System Components
– System Overview
– Time – Set
Cat Command for Excavating, Remote Control Operator Console for Excavators
– CAN Data Link – Test
– Component – Test
– Data Link
– Determining Diagnostic Trouble Codes
– Diagnostic Capabilities
– Diagnostic Trouble Codes
– ECM – Replace
– ECM Location Code – Test
– Electrical Connector – Inspect
– Electrical Input Components
– Electrical Output Components
– Electronic Control Module
– Emerging Symptom Information
– Engine Does Not Start in Remote Control Mode
– Engine Functions Do Not Respond to Operator Console
– Event Codes
– Features
– General Information
– General Information
– Implement Functions Do Not Respond to Operator Console
– Indicator Lamp – Test
– Machine Horn Does Not Respond to Operator Console
– Machine Lights Do Not Respond to Operator Console
– Machine Shutdown Function Does Not Respond to Operator
– Network Connectivity – Test
– Operator Console
– Operator Console Does Not Communicate with Machine
– Relay – Test
– Remote Control Indicator Is Not ON
– Service Tools
– Setup and Configuration – Test
– Switch Circuits – Test
– Symptom Troubleshooting
– System Operation
– User Interface
Disassembly and Assembly 326 Hydraulic Excavator Engine Supplement
– Air Cleaner – Remove and Install
– Alternator – Install – Two Alternators
– Alternator – Remove – Two Alternators
– Battery – Remove and Install
– Belt Tensioner – Remove and Install
– Clean Emissions Module – Install
– Clean Emissions Module – Remove
– Cooling System Package (Radiator, Hydraulic Oil Cooler, and
– Crankshaft Front Seal – Remove and Install
– Crankshaft Vibration Damper and Pulley – Install
– Crankshaft Vibration Damper and Pulley – Remove
– DEF Injector and Mounting – Install
– DEF Injector and Mounting – Remove
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Filter – Remove and Install
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Pump – Remove and Install
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Tank – Remove and Install
– Electric Starting Motor – Remove and Install
– Electronic Control Module – Remove and Install
– Engine – Install
– Engine – Remove
– Engine Front Mount – Install
– Engine Front Mount – Remove
– Engine Oil Cooler – Remove and Install
– Engine Oil Filter and Oil Filter Base – Remove and Install
– Engine Rear Mount – Install
– Engine Rear Mount – Remove
– Exhaust Manifold – Remove and Install
– Fan – Remove and Install
– Flexible Exhaust Pipe – Remove and Install
– Fuel Cooler – Install
– Fuel Cooler – Remove
– Fuel Filter and Base – Remove and Install
– Fuel Injection Pump – Remove and Install
– Hood – Remove and Install
– Manifold (DEF Heater) – Remove and Install
– Muffler – Remove and Install
– Nitrogen Oxide Sensor – Remove and Install
– Oil Pan – Remove and Install
– Oil Pan – Remove and Install
– Refrigerant Compressor – Remove and Install
– Refrigerant Condenser – Remove and Install
– Solenoid Valve (DEF Heater Coolant) – Install
– Solenoid Valve (DEF Heater Coolant) – Remove
– Soot Antenna – Remove and Install
– Soot Sensor – Remove and Install – Module
– Temperature Sensor (DPF) – Install
– Temperature Sensor (DPF) – Remove
– Turbocharger – Install
– Turbocharger – Remove
– Valve Mechanism Cover – Remove and Install
– Water Pump – Remove and Install
– Water Pump – Remove and Install
– Water Temperature Regulator – Remove and Install
– Water Temperature Regulator – Remove and Install
Disassembly and Assembly 326 Hydraulic Excavator Machine Systems
– Accumulator – Remove and Install
– Antenna (GPS) – Remove and Install
– Boom – Remove and Install
– Boom Bearings and Seals – Remove and Install
– Boom Cylinder – Remove and Install
– Bucket – Remove and Install
– Bucket Cylinder – Remove and Install
– Bucket Linkage – Remove and Install
– Bucket Linkage Bearings and Seals – Remove and Install
– Cab – Remove and Install
– Camera – Remove and Install – Left Camera
– Camera – Remove and Install – Rear Camera
– Camera – Remove and Install – Right Camera
– Check Valve (Cooler Bypass) – Remove and Install
– Counterbalance Valve (Travel) – Remove and Install
– Counterweight – Remove and Install
– Duo-Cone Conventional Seals – Install
– Final Drive – Assemble
– Final Drive – Disassemble
– Final Drive – Remove and Install
– Front Idler and Recoil Spring – Remove and Install
– Fuel Tank – Install
– Fuel Tank – Remove
– Fuel Tank – Remove and Install
– Gear Pump (Auxiliary) – Install
– Gear Pump (Auxiliary) – Remove
– Heating and Air Conditioning Unit – Assemble
– Heating and Air Conditioning Unit – Disassemble
– Heating and Air Conditioning Unit – Remove and Install
– Hydraulic Lockout Control – Remove and Install
– Hydraulic Tank – Remove and Install
– Hydraulic Tank – Remove and Install – Case Drain Screen
– Hydraulic Tank – Remove and Install – Suction Screen
– Hydraulic Track Adjusters – Assemble
– Hydraulic Track Adjusters – Disassemble
– Joystick Control and Mounting – Remove and Install – Left Side
– Joystick Control and Mounting – Remove and Install – Right
– Load Control Valve (Stick Cylinder) – Remove and Install
– Main Control Valve – Assemble
– Main Control Valve – Disassemble
– Main Control Valve – Remove and Install
– Main Hydraulic Pump – Assemble
– Main Hydraulic Pump – Disassemble
– Main Hydraulic Pump – Remove and Install
– Operator Monitor – Remove and Install
– Operator Monitor – Remove and Install – GPS
– Pedal Control (Travel) – Remove and Install
– Position Sensor (Internal Measurement Unit) – Remove and
– Position Sensor (Swing) – Remove and Install
– Position Sensor and Mounting (Bucket) – Remove and Install
– Pump Drive Coupling – Remove and Install
– Recoil Spring – Assemble
– Recoil Spring – Disassemble
– Satellite Receiver – Remove and Install
– Seat – Remove and Install
– Sprocket – Remove and Install
– Stick – Remove and Install
– Stick Bearings and Seals – Remove and Install
– Stick Cylinder – Remove and Install
– Swing Drive – Remove and Install
– Swing Gear and Bearing – Install
– Swing Gear and Bearing – Remove
– Swing Motor – Assemble
– Swing Motor – Disassemble
– Swing Motor – Remove and Install
– Swivel – Assemble
– Swivel – Disassemble
– Swivel – Remove and Install
– Track – Separate and Connect
– Track Carrier Roller – Remove and Install
– Track Roller – Remove and Install
– Travel Motor – Assemble
– Travel Motor – Assemble
– Travel Motor – Assemble
– Travel Motor – Disassemble
– Travel Motor – Disassemble
– Travel Motor – Disassemble
– Travel Motor – Remove and Install
– Travel Motor – Remove and Install
– Travel Motor – Remove and Install
– Trim – Remove and Install – Cab Trim
– Trim – Remove and Install – Seat Trim
– Upper Frame and Undercarriage Frame – Connect
– Upper Frame and Undercarriage Frame – Separate
– Window Wiper Motor – Remove and Install
Disassembly and Assembly C7.1 Engines for Caterpillar Built Machines
– Accessory Drive – Remove and Install – Accessory Drive SAE
– Accessory Drive – Remove and Install – Accessory Drive SAE
– Air Compressor – Remove and Install – Single Cylinder
– Air Compressor – Remove and Install – Twin Cylinder
– Alternator – Install
– Alternator – Remove
– Alternator Belt – Remove and Install
– Atmospheric Pressure Sensor – Remove and Install
– Bearing Clearance – Check
– Belt Tensioner – Remove and Install
– Boost Pressure Sensor – Remove and Install
– Camshaft – Remove and Install
– Camshaft Bearings – Remove and Install
– Camshaft Gear – Remove and Install
– Camshaft Position Sensor – Remove and Install
– Clean Emissions Module – Remove and Install
– Connecting Rod Bearings – Install – Connecting rods in position
– Connecting Rod Bearings – Remove – Connecting rods in
– Coolant Temperature Sensor – Remove and Install
– Crankcase Breather – Install
– Crankcase Breather – Remove
– Crankshaft – Install
– Crankshaft – Remove
– Crankshaft Front Seal – Remove and Install
– Crankshaft Front Seal – Remove and Install – Crankshaft Front
– Crankshaft Gear – Remove and Install
– Crankshaft Main Bearings – Remove and Install – Crankshaft
– Crankshaft Position Sensor – Remove and Install
– Crankshaft Rear Seal – Install
– Crankshaft Rear Seal – Remove
– Crankshaft Timing Ring – Remove and Install
– Cylinder Head – Install
– Cylinder Head – Remove
– DEF Injector and Mounting – Remove and Install
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Lines – Remove and Install
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Module – Assemble
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Module – Disassemble
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Pump – Remove and Install
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Tank – Remove and Install
– ECM Mounting Bracket – Remove and Install
– Electric Starting Motor – Remove and Install
– Electronic Control (Diesel Exhaust Fluid) – Remove and Install
– Electronic Control Module – Remove and Install – Electronic
– Electronic Unit Injector – Install
– Electronic Unit Injector – Remove
– Engine Oil Cooler – Install – Engine Oil Cooler with a High
– Engine Oil Cooler – Install – Engine Oil Cooler with a Low
– Engine Oil Cooler – Remove – Engine Oil Cooler with a High
– Engine Oil Cooler – Remove – Engine Oil Cooler with a Low
– Engine Oil Filter Base – Remove and Install
– Engine Oil Filter Base – Remove and Install – Engine Oil Filter
– Engine Oil Pan – Install – Aluminum Oil Pan
– Engine Oil Pan – Remove – Aluminum Oil Pan
– Engine Oil Pan Plate – Remove and Install – Aluminum Oil Pan
– Engine Oil Pressure Sensor – Remove and Install
– Engine Oil Pump – Install
– Engine Oil Pump – Remove
– Exhaust Back Pressure Valve – Remove and Install
– Exhaust Cooler (NRS) – Remove and Install
– Exhaust Gas Valve (NRS) – Remove and Install
– Exhaust Manifold – Remove and Install
– Exhaust Manifold and Turbocharger – Install
– Exhaust Manifold and Turbocharger – Remove
– Fan – Remove and Install
– Fan Drive – Remove and Install
– Flexible Exhaust Pipe – Remove and Install
– Flow Control Valve – Remove and Install
– Flywheel – Install
– Flywheel – Install – Equipped with Rear Power Take-Off
– Flywheel – Remove
– Flywheel – Remove – Equipped with Rear Power Take-Off
– Flywheel Housing – Remove and Install
– Flywheel Housing – Remove and Install
– Flywheel Housing – Remove and Install
– Flywheel Housing – Remove and Install
– Flywheel Housing – Remove and Install
– Flywheel Housing – Remove and Install – Flywheel Housing that is
– Flywheel Housing – Remove and Install – Standard Housing
– Front Cover – Remove and Install
– Front Cover – Remove and Install – Heavy Duty Front Cover
– Fuel Filter Base – Remove and Install – Single Secondary Fuel
– Fuel Filter Base – Remove and Install – Twin Secondary Fuel
– Fuel Injection Lines – Install
– Fuel Injection Lines – Remove
– Fuel Injection Pump – Install
– Fuel Injection Pump – Remove
– Fuel Injection Pump Gear – Install
– Fuel Injection Pump Gear – Remove
– Fuel Manifold (Rail) – Remove and Install
– Fuel Pressure Sensor – Remove and Install
– Fuel Priming Pump – Remove and Install – Electric Fuel Lift
– Fuel Temperature Sensor – Remove and Install
– Gear Group (Front) – Remove and Install
– Gear Group (Front) – Remove and Install – Heavy Duty Gear
– Glow Plugs – Remove and Install
– Housing (Front) – Install
– Housing (Front) – Install – Heavy Duty Housing (Front)
– Housing (Front) – Remove
– Housing (Front) – Remove – Heavy Duty Housing (Front)
– Idler Gear – Install
– Idler Gear – Remove
– Idler Pulley – Remove and Install – Flat Idler Pulley
– Idler Pulley – Remove and Install – Grooved Idler Pulley
– Inlet Air Control – Install – NRS Inlet Air Mixer
– Inlet Air Control – Remove – NRS Inlet Air Mixer
– Inlet and Exhaust Valve Springs – Remove and Install
– Inlet and Exhaust Valves – Remove and Install
– Inlet Manifold Temperature Sensor – Remove and Install
– Lifter Group – Remove and Install – Hydraulic Lifter Group
– Manifold (DEF Heater) – Remove and Install
– Nitrogen Oxide Sensor – Remove and Install – Nitrogen Oxide
– Nitrogen Oxide Sensor – Remove and Install – Original
– Piston Cooling Jets – Remove and Install
– Pistons and Connecting Rods – Assemble
– Pistons and Connecting Rods – Disassemble
– Pistons and Connecting Rods – Install
– Pistons and Connecting Rods – Remove
– Pressure Sensor (Cooled Exhaust Gas) – Remove and Install –
– Rear Power Take-Off (RPTO) – Install
– Rear Power Take-Off (RPTO) – Remove
– Refrigerant Compressor – Remove and Install
– Relief Valve (Fuel) – Remove and Install
– Rocker Shaft – Assemble
– Rocker Shaft – Disassemble
– Rocker Shaft and Pushrod – Install
– Rocker Shaft and Pushrod – Remove
– Solenoid Valve (DEF Heater Coolant) – Remove and Install
– Soot Antenna – Remove and Install
– Support and Mounting (CEM) – Remove and Install
– Temperature Sensor (Cooled Exhaust Gas) – Remove and
– Temperature Sensor (DPF) – Remove and Install – Inlet and
– Turbocharger – Install – First Stage Turbocharger
– Turbocharger – Install – First Stage Turbocharger
– Turbocharger – Install – Second Stage Turbocharger
– Turbocharger – Install – Second Stage Turbocharger
– Turbocharger – Remove – First Stage Turbocharger
– Turbocharger – Remove – Second Stage Turbocharger
– Turbocharger Exhaust Temperature Sensor – Remove and
– Valve Mechanism Cover – Remove and Install
– Vibration Damper and Pulley – Install
– Vibration Damper and Pulley – Remove
– Voltage Load Protection Module – Remove and Install
– Wastegate Solenoid – Remove and Install
– Water Pump – Install
– Water Pump – Remove
– Water Separator and Fuel Filter (Primary) – Remove and
– Water Temperature Regulator – Remove and Install
Next Generation Hydraulic Excavator Air Conditioning and Heating
– Air Conditioning 2357-4 – Air Conditioner Evaporator Coil
– Air Conditioning 2357-5 – Air Conditioner Evaporator Coil
– Air Conditioning 2938-4 – Cab Ventilation Duct #1 Air
– Air Conditioning 2938-5 – Cab Ventilation Duct #1 Air
– Air Conditioning 5761-6 – HVAC Blower Motor: Current
– Air Conditioning 5762-2 – Air Conditioner Compressor
– Air Conditioning 5763-2 – Cab Air Heater Mix Actuator:
– Air Conditioning 779-12 – Cab Air Temperature Sensor:
– Air Conditioning and Heating System
– Air Conditioning and Heating System Relay Operation
– Air Conditioning and Heating System Sensor Operation
– Air Conditioning and Heating System Troubleshooting
– Air Conditioning Performance – Test
– Air Conditioning System Electrical Schematic
– Blower Motor
– Control Module
– Control Panel (Air Conditioner and Heater)
– Evaporator Coil
– Fan Control (Blower Motor)
– General Information
– General Troubleshooting Information
– Heater Core (Cab)
– Machine Preparation for Troubleshooting
– Manifold Gauge Set (Refrigerant) – Install
– Manifold Gauge Set (Refrigerant) – Remove
– Motor (Air Conditioner Control)
– Pressure Switch (Refrigerant Pressure Cutoff)
– Refrigerant Compressor
– Refrigerant Compressor Oil – Check
– Refrigerant Condenser
– Refrigerant Expansion Valve
– Refrigerant Leakage – Test
– Refrigerant Receiver-Dryer
– Refrigerant Recovery
– Refrigerant System – Charge
– Refrigerant System – Evacuate
– Refrigerant System – Flush
– Required Tools
– Troubleshooting Faults with Service Codes
– Visual Inspection
Next Generation Hydraulic Excavator Tiltrotator System
– General Information (Work Tool System) – Tiltrotator
– Joystick Control – Calibrate
– Location of Components (Work Tool System)
– Process for Setting Up the Work Tool – Tiltrotator Calibrations
– Process for Setting Up the Work Tool – Tiltrotator Machine
– Tiltrotator Default Parameters
– Tiltrotator System – If Equipped
– Tiltrotator Wedge Lock – Adjust – If Equipped
Schematic Caterpillar 326 Excavator Hydraulic System – Attachment
– Features
– Cover Page
– Information
– Component Location
– Tap Location
– Schematic
– Machine Views
– Front Arrangement
– Machine – Right Side View
– Main Control Valve – Front
– Main Control Valve – Rear
Schematic Caterpillar 326 Excavator Hydraulic System – Attachment
– Features
– Cover Page
– Information
– Component Location
– Tap Location
– Schematic
– Machine Views
– Front Arrangement
– Machine – Right Side View
– Main Control Valve – Front
– Main Control Valve – Rear
Schematic Caterpillar 326 and 326 GC Excavator Hydraulic System
– Features
– Cover Page
– Information
– Component Location
– Tap Location
– Schematic
– Machine Views
– Front Arrangement
– Machine – Right Side View
– Main Control Valve – Front
– Main Control Valve – Rear
Schematic Caterpillar 326, 330, and 330 GC Excavator Electrical System
– Feature
– Cover Page
– Information
– Component Location
– Volume 1 of 3 – Cab Wiring and Product Link
– Volume 2 of 3 – Chassis and CAT Grade Control
– Page 1 of 2
– Page 2 of 2
– Volume 3 of 3 – Engine
– Connector Location
– Volume 1 of 3 – Cab Wiring and Product Link
– Volume 2 of 3 – Chassis and CAT Grade Control
– Schematics
– Volume 1 of 3 – Cab Wiring and Product Link
– Volume 2 of 3 – Chassis and CAT Grade Control
– Volume 3 of 3 – Engine
– Machine Views
– Volume 1 of 3 – Cab Wiring and Product Link
– Cab Front View
– Cab Rear View
– Left Hand Console
– Right Hand Console
– Product Link
– Seat Rear View
– Volume 2 of 3 – Chassis and CAT Grade Control
– Battery Compartment
– Boom – Left View
– Chassis Front View
– Chassis Right View
– Engine Front View
– Engine Rear View
– Fan Compartment – Front
– Fan Compartment – Rear
– Long Reach Boom and Stick
– Machine – Side View
– Main Control Valve – Rear
– Main Control Valve – Front
– Pump Compartment
– Under Cab
– Volume 3 of 3 – Engine
– Engine – Front View
– Engine – Rear View
Schematic Caterpillar 326, 330, and 330 GC Excavator Hydraulic System – Attachment
– Features
– Cover Page
– Information
– Component Location
– Tap Location
– Schematic
– Machine Views
– Machine – Boom, Stick View
– Machine – Top Left View
– Machine Right Side View
– Main Control Valve – Front
– Main Control Valve – Rear
– Pump – Bottom Rear View
Schematic Caterpillar Next Generation Hydraulic Excavator Air Conditioning Electrical System
– Features
– Cover Page
– Information
– Component Location
– Untitled
– Untitled
– Schematic
– Machine View
– Air Conditioner Gp
Schematic Caterpillar Remote Control Command Station for Excavation Electrical System
– Features
– Cover Page
– Information
– Component Location
– Connector Location
– Schematic
– Function Isolation Tools
– Grids On/Off
– All Circuits Off
– All Circuits On
– Unspecified Circuit
– Black (Ground)
– 032 (Red) (Battery Power)
– 640 (Blue) (Key Power)
– 021 (Orange) (Starting)
– 258 (Dk Purple) (Machine Primary Control)
– 347 (Dk Green) (Cab BCM Primary Control)
– 430 (Dk Gray) (Machine Secondary Control)
– 509 (Lt Pink) (Engine Control)
– CON 509 (J1939/1587 D.L.)
– CON 190 (CAN Data Link Remote Control)
– CON 522 (CAN Data Link C)
– SUB 5655 (Lt Gray) (Remote Access)
– SUB 651 (Blue Gray) (Ethernet)
– Machine Views
– Machine – Front View
– Cab Inside View
– Cab Rear View
– Chassis Rear View
– Machine Component Location
– Seat Bottom View
Schematic Caterpillar Remote Control Command for Excavation Electrical System
– Features
– Cover Page
– Information
– Component Location
– Connector Location
– Schematic
– Function Isolation Tools
– Grids On/Off
– All Circuits Off
– All Circuits On
– Unspecified Circuit
– Black (Ground)
– 032 (Red) (Battery Power)
– 640 (Blue) (Key Power)
– 021 (Orange) (Starting)
– 258 (Dk Purple) (Machine Control Primary)
– 347 (Dk Green) (BCM Cab Control)
– 430 (Dk Gray) (Machine Control Secondary)
– 509 (Lt Pink) (Engine Control)
– CON 509 (J1939/1587 D.L.)
– CON 190 (CAN “A” D.L.)
– CON 522 (CAN “B” D.L.)
– SUB 522 (CAN “C” D.L.)
– SUB 5655 (Lt Gray) (Remote Access)
– SUB 651 (Blue Gray) (Ethernet)
– Machine Views
– Cab Inside View
– Cab Rear View
– Mahine Component Location
– Seat Bottom View
Specifications 326 and 326 GC Excavators Machine System
– Accumulator (Pilot)
– Accumulator (Pilot)
– Air Cleaner
– Air Conditioner and Mounting
– Air Conditioner Lines
– Auxiliary Hydraulic Lines
– Auxiliary Hydraulic Lines
– Auxiliary Hydraulic Lines
– Auxiliary Hydraulic Lines
– Auxiliary Hydraulic Lines – Stick
– Boom
– Boom
– Boom – Fore
– Boom – Stub
– Boom Cylinder
– Boom Cylinder
– Boom Cylinder Lines
– Boom Cylinder Lines
– Boom Cylinder Lines
– Boom Cylinder Lines
– Boom Cylinder Lines
– Boom Cylinder Lines
– Boom Cylinder Lines
– Boom Cylinder Lines
– Boom Lines
– Boom Lines
– Boom Lines
– Boom Lines
– Bucket Adjuster
– Bucket Cylinder
– Bucket Cylinder Lines
– Bucket Cylinder Lines
– Bucket Cylinder Lines
– Bucket Linkage
– Bucket Linkage
– Bucket Linkage
– Bucket Sidecutter
– Cab
– Cab
– Cab – Front Window Guard
– Check Valve
– Check Valve (Slow Return)
– Control Valve
– Control Valve
– Control Valve (Auxiliary)
– Control Valve (Stick Lowering)
– Counterweight Mounting
– Coupler Lines
– Coupler Lines
– Drift Reduction Valve
– Final Drive – Without Motor
– Front Idler
– Front Lines
– Front Lines
– Front Lines
– Front Lines
– Front Lines
– Fuel Tank and Mounting
– Gear Pump
– Grease Lines
– Grease Lines
– Hydraulic Oil Cooler Lines Group
– Hydraulic Oil Cooler Lines Group
– Hydraulic Pump and Mounting
– Hydraulic Tank and Filter
– Hydraulic Tank and Mounting
– Joystick Control
– Joystick Control
– Main Control Valve
– Main Hydraulic Pump
– Pedal Control (Auxiliary)
– Pedal Control (Travel)
– Pilot Lines
– Pilot Lines
– Pilot Lines
– Pilot Lines
– Piston Motor
– Position Sensor and Mounting
– Position Sensor and Mounting
– Position Sensor and Mounting – Inertial Measurement Unit
– Position Sensor and Mounting – Inertial Measurement Unit
– Pump Coupling
– Pump Head (Main)
– Pump Lines
– Refrigerant Compressor
– Refrigerant Compressor
– Relief Valve (Main)
– Relief Valve (One-Way Hydraulic Flow)
– Relief Valve (Swing Pressure)
– Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS) Mounting
– Sprocket
– Stick
– Stick – 2.5 m (8.20 ft)
– Stick – 3.2 m (10.50 ft)
– Stick Cylinder
– Stick Cylinder
– Stick Cylinder
– Stick Cylinder Lines
– Stick Cylinder Lines
– Stick Cylinder Lines
– Stick Cylinder Lines – Long Reach
– Stick Lines
– Stick Lines – 3.6 m (11.81 ft)
– Stick Lines – Coupler Lines Group
– Stick Lines – Long Reach
– Stick Lines – Quick Coupler
– Swing Drive – Without Motor
– Swing Drive Mounting
– Swing Drive Mounting
– Swing Gear and Bearing
– Swing Motor
– Swivel
– Track
– Track Adjuster and Recoil
– Track Roller (Single Flange)
– Track Roller Mounting
– Travel Motor
– Travel Motor Guard
– Travel Motor Lines
– Upper Frame
– Window Wiper
– Window Wiper
– Window Wiper
– Window Wiper Motor
– Window Wiper Motor – Lower
Specifications C7.1 Engines for Caterpillar Built Machines
– Alternator
– Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
– Belt Tensioner
– Boost Pressure Sensor
– Camshaft
– Camshaft Bearings
– Connecting Rod
– Connecting Rod Bearing Journal
– Coolant Temperature Sensor
– Crankcase Breather
– Crankshaft
– Crankshaft Seals
– Cylinder Block
– Cylinder Head
– Cylinder Head Valves
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Pump
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Tank
– Electronic Control (Diesel Exhaust Fluid)
– Electronic Control Module
– Engine Design
– Engine Lifting Bracket
– Engine Oil Cooler
– Engine Oil Filter Base
– Engine Oil Pan
– Engine Oil Pressure
– Engine Oil Pressure Sensor
– Engine Oil Pump
– Exhaust Cooler (NRS)
– Exhaust Gas Valve (NRS)
– Exhaust Manifold
– Fan Drive
– Flexible Exhaust Pipe
– Flywheel
– Flywheel Housing
– Front Housing and Covers
– Fuel Filter Base – Primary Fuel Filter Base
– Fuel Filter Base – Single Secondary Fuel Filter Base
– Fuel Injection Lines
– Fuel Injection Nozzles
– Fuel Injection Pump
– Fuel Manifold (Rail)
– Fuel Transfer Pump – Electric Transfer Pump
– Gear Group (Front)
– Glow Plugs
– Injector (Diesel Exhaust Fluid)
– Inlet Manifold Temperature Sensor
– Lifter Group
– Main Bearing Journal
– Manifold (Diesel Exhaust Fluid)
– Nitrogen Oxide Sensor
– Piston and Rings
– Piston Cooling Jet
– Pressure Sensor (NOx Reduction System)
– Refrigerant Compressor
– Rocker Shaft
– Soot Antenna
– Speed/Timing Sensor
– Starter Motor
– Temperature Sensor (DPF Inlet)
– Temperature Sensor (Exhaust)
– Temperature Sensor (NOx Reduction System)
– Turbocharger – Single Turbocharger
– Turbocharger Exhaust Temperature Sensor
– Valve Mechanism Cover
– Vibration Damper and Pulley
– Water Pump
– Water Temperature Regulator and Housing
Systems Operation 326, 326 GC, 330 and 330 GC Excavator Systems
– Accumulator (Pilot)
– Auto Warm Up
– Boom Cylinder
– Boom Drift Reduction Valve
– Boom System
– Boom System – Smart BoomHydraulic System) (If Equipped
– Bucket Cylinder
– Bucket System
– Check Valve (Load)
– Check Valve (Return Makeup)
– Control Valve (Boom Lowering)
– Control Valve (Stick Lowering)
– Control Valve (Straight Travel)
– Electronic Control (Machine System)
– Electronic Control (Machine System) – Assist System
– Engine Control
– Final Drive
– General Information (Boom System)
– General Information (Bucket System)
– General Information (Machine System)
– General Information (Main Control Valve)
– General Information (Main Pump System)
– General Information (Pilot System)
– General Information (Return System)
– General Information (Stick System)
– General Information (Swing System)
– General Information (Travel System)
– Graphic Color Codes
– Hydraulic Oil Cooler
– Hydraulic Tank and Filter
– Joystick Control
– Location of Components (Boom Systems)
– Location of Components (Bucket System)
– Location of Components (Machine System)
– Location of Components (Main Control Valve)
– Location of Components (Main Pump System)
– Location of Components (Pilot System)
– Location of Components (Return System)
– Location of Components (Stick System)
– Location of Components (Swing System)
– Location of Components (Travel System)
– Machine System
– Main Control Valve
– Main Hydraulic Pump
– Oil Makeup (Travel System)
– Pilot System
– Pilot Valve (Swing Parking Brake)
– Pump Control (Main Hydraulic) – Main Pump Regulator
– Quick Coupler System – If Equipped
– Relief Valve (Cushion Crossover) – Anti-Reaction Valve
– Relief Valve (Line)
– Relief Valve (Main)
– Relief Valve (Main) – Heavy Lift
– Relief Valve (Swing)
– Return Hydraulic System
– Solenoid Valve (Fine Swing) – If Equipped
– Solenoid Valve (Hydraulic Lockout)
– Stick Cylinder
– Stick Drift Reduction Valve
– Stick System
– Swing Drive
– Swing Motor
– Swing System
– Swivel
– Travel Counterbalance Valve
– Travel Motor
– Travel Parking Brake
– Travel System
Systems Operation Next Generation Hydraulic Excavator Monitoring System
– Data Link
– Feature Menu
– General Information
– Menu Outline
– Password Entry
– Prestart Monitoring Function
– System Schematic
– Warning Operation
Testing and Adjusting & Systems Operation C7.1 Engines for Caterpillar Built Machines
– Aftertreatment SCR System Dosing – Test
– Air in Fuel – Test
– Air Inlet and Exhaust System – Inspect
– Air Inlet and Exhaust System – Series Turbochargers
– Air Inlet and Exhaust System – Single Turbocharger
– Alternator – Test
– Basic Engine
– Battery – Test
– Charging System – Test
– Clean Emissions Module
– Cleanliness of Fuel System Components
– Compression – Test
– Connecting Rod – Inspect
– Cooling System
– Cooling System – Check
– Cooling System – Inspect
– Cooling System – Test
– Cylinder Block – Inspect
– Cylinder Head – Inspect
– DEF Dosing Control System
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Quality – Test
– Diesel Exhaust Fluid Tank – Flush
– Electric Starting System – Test
– Electrical System
– Electronic Control System
– Engine Oil Cooler – Inspect
– Engine Oil Pressure – Test
– Engine Oil Pump – Inspect
– Engine Valve Lash – Inspect
– Excessive Bearing Wear – Inspect
– Excessive Engine Oil Consumption – Inspect
– Exhaust Cooler (NRS) – Test
– Finding Top Center Position for No. 1 Piston
– Flywheel – Inspect
– Flywheel Housing – Inspect
– Fuel Injection
– Fuel Injection – Engines with a Primary and Secondary Fuel
– Fuel Injection Timing – Check
– Fuel Quality – Test
– Fuel System – Inspect
– Fuel System – Prime
– Gear Group (Front) – Time
– Gear Group – Inspect
– Glossary of Electronic Control Terms
– Increased Engine Oil Temperature – Inspect
– Introduction
– Lubrication System
– Piston Height – Inspect
– Piston Ring Groove – Inspect
– Position the Valve Mechanism Before Maintenance Procedures
– Power Sources
– Turbocharger – Inspect – Series Turbochargers
– Turbocharger – Inspect – Single Turbocharger
– V-Belt – Test
– Valve Depth – Inspect
– Valve Guide – Inspect
– Vibration Damper – Check
– Water Pump – Inspect
– Water Temperature Regulator – Test
Testing and Adjusting 320, 323, 326 and 330 Excavator Long Reach Front
– Cylinder Speed – Test and Adjust
– General Information
– Relief Valve (Line) – Test and Adjust
– Relief Valve (Line) – Test and Adjust
Testing and Adjusting 326 Excavator Systems
– Accumulator (Pilot) – Test and Charge
– Accumulator (Pilot) – Test and Charge – Pump Actuator
– Assist – Calibrate – Additional Fine-Tuning for Grade Assist
– Automatic Travel Speed Control – Test
– Cylinder Drift – Check – Empty Bucket
– Cylinder Drift – Check – Loaded Bucket
– Cylinder Speed – Check
– Engine Performance – Test – Engine Speed
– General Calibration Information – Additional Calibrations For Ease of Use
– General Testing and Adjusting Information
– Hydraulic System Air – Purge – Medium Pressure Circuit
– Hydraulic System Warm-Up
– Implement – Calibrate
– Joystick and Pedal – Calibrate
– Machine Drift on a Slope – Check
– Machine Preparation
– Main Hydraulic Pump Air – Purge
– Main Pump (Flow) – Test – Hydraulic Power
– Main Pump – Calibrate
– Operational Checks
– Overload Warning – Set – If Equipped
– Pressure Reducing Valve (Pilot Oil) – Test and Adjust
– Pump Control (Output Flow) – Adjust
– Pump Control (Output Flow) – Test – One Pump Calibration
– Relief Valve (Crossover) – Test and Adjust
– Relief Valve (Line) – Test and Adjust
– Relief Valve (Main) – Test and Adjust
– Relief Valve (Swing) – Test and Adjust
– Specifications
– Swing Bearing Movement – Measure
– Swing Motor – Test – Measurement of Case Drain Oil
– Swing Speed and Overswing on Level Ground – Check
– Swing Speed and Swing Drift on a Slope – Check
– System Pressure – Release
– Travel Motor – Test – Measurement of Case Drain Oil
– Travel on Level Ground – Test
– Travel on Level Ground – Test – Optional Test
– Visual Inspection
Troubleshooting 320, 320 GC, 323, 323 GC, 325, 326, 326 GC, 330, 330 GC and 335 Excavator Machine Systems Troubleshooting
– Alarm – Test
– Bluetooth Transceiver – Test
– CAN Data Link – Test
– CAN Data Link – Test
– Connector Contact Description
– Connector Locations
– Determining Diagnostic Trouble Codes
– Diagnostic Capabilities
– Diagnostic Trouble Codes
– ECM – Configure
– ECM – Replace
– ECM Location Code – Test
– ECM Software – Install
– Electrical Connector – Inspect
– Electronic Symptom Troubleshooting
– Emerging Symptom Information
– Ethernet Data Link – Test
– Ethernet Data Link – Test
– Event Codes
– General Information
– Machine Preparation for Troubleshooting
– Operator Control Switch (Switch to Battery) – Test
– Relay – Test
– Sensor (Data Link Type) – Test
– Sensor Signal (Analog, Passive) – Test
– Sensor Signal (PWM) – Test
– Sensor Supply – Test
– Sensor Supply – Test – Display
– Sensor Supply – Test – Display
– Service Tools
– Solenoid Valve – Test
– Solenoid Valve – Test
– Solenoid Valve – Test
– Solenoid Valve – Test
– Solenoid Valve – Test
– Solenoid Valve – Test
– Solenoid Valve – Test
– Symptom Troubleshooting
– Symptom Troubleshooting – Electronic Fan Overheating
– System Schematic
– System Schematic
– System Schematic
– System Schematic
– System Schematic
– System Schematic
– System Schematic
– Visual Inspection
– Wiring Harness (Open Circuit) – Test
– Wiring Harness (Short Circuit) – Test
Troubleshooting C7.1 Engines
– Acceleration Is Poor or Throttle Response Is Poor
– Aftertreatment Identification Module – Test
– Alternator Problem – Charging Problem and/or Noisy
– Battery Problem
– CAN Data Link – Test
– Clean Emissions Module Has High Oxygen Level
– Codes that Inhibit Operation of Aftertreatment System
– Component Location
– Configuration Parameters
– Coolant Contains Oil
– Coolant Level – Test
– Coolant Level Is Low
– Coolant Pressure Is Low
– Coolant Temperature Is High
– Cooling Fan – Calibrate – If Applicable
– Cooling Fan Control – Test – Hydraulic Driven Fan
– Cooling Fan Control – Test – Viscous Clutch Fan
– Cooling Fan Is Always ON
– Cooling Fan Reversing – Test – Hydraulic Driven Fan
– Cooling Fan Speed – Test
– Crankcase Breather Ejects Oil
– Crankcase Fumes Disposal Tube Has Oil Draining
– Customer Passwords
– Cylinder Is Noisy
– Data Link – Test
– Data Link Configuration Status – Test
– DEF Control Module Power – Test
– DEF Control Module Temperature Is High
– DEF Does Not Purge
– DEF Line Heater – Test
– DEF Module Does Not Respond
– DEF Pressure Is High
– DEF Pressure Is Low
– DEF Pump – Replace
– DEF Pump Motor – Test
– DEF Pump Pressure Sensor – Test
– DEF Pump Sensor Supply – Test
– DEF Return Valve – Test
– DEF Tank Level Is Low
– DEF Tank Sensor – Test
– DEF Tank Temperature Is High
– DEF Temperature Is Low
– Diagnostic Capabilities
– Diagnostic Trouble Codes
– Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Has Incorrect Inlet Temperature
– Diesel Oxidation Catalyst Has Low Conversion Efficiency
– Diesel Particulate Filter Collects Excessive Soot
– Diesel Particulate Filter Temperature Is Low
– ECM – Replace
– ECM – Replace
– ECM Software – Install
– ECM Will Not Accept Factory Passwords
– Electrical Connectors
– Electrical Connectors – Inspect
– Electrical Power Supply – Test
– Electronic Service Tool Does Not Communicate
– Electronic Service Tools
– Engine Cranks but Does Not Start
– Engine Does Not Crank
– Engine Has Early Wear
– Engine Has Mechanical Noise (Knock)
– Engine Misfires, Runs Rough or Is Unstable
– Engine Monitoring System
– Engine Overcrank Occurrence
– Engine Overspeeds
– Engine Shutdown Occurrence
– Engine Shutdown Occurs Intermittently
– Engine Stalls at Low RPM
– Engine Top Speed Is Not Obtained
– Engine Vibration Is Excessive
– Ether Starting Aid – Test
– Event Codes
– Exhaust Has Excessive Black Smoke
– Exhaust Has Excessive White Smoke
– Exhaust System Contains Coolant
– Exhaust System Contains Oil
– Exhaust Temperature Is High
– Factory Passwords
– Fuel Consumption Is Excessive
– Fuel Contains Water
– Fuel Filter Is Restricted
– Fuel Pressure Is Low
– Fuel Rail Pressure Problem
– Fuel Temperature Is High
– Fuel Transfer Pump – Test
– General Information
– Glow Plug Starting Aid – Test
– Idle Validation – Test
– Indicator Lamp Problem
– Injector Code – Calibrate
– Injector Data Incorrect – Test
– Injector Solenoid – Test
– Inlet Air Is Restricted
– Intake Manifold Air Pressure Is High
– Intake Manifold Air Pressure Is Low
– Intake Manifold Air Temperature Is High
– Mode Selection – Test
– Motorized Valve – Test
– NOx Conversion Is Low
– NOx Sensor – Test
– NRS Exhaust Gas Temperature Is High
– NRS Mass Flow Rate Problem
– Oil Consumption Is Excessive
– Oil Contains Coolant
– Oil Contains Fuel
– Oil Level Is Low
– Oil Pressure Is Low
– Power Is Intermittently Low or Power Cutout Is Intermittent
– Power Take-Off – Test
– Relay – Test – ECM Power Relay
– Relay – Test – Start Relay
– SCR Catalyst Has Incorrect Inlet Temperature
– SCR Inducement Emergency Override
– SCR Warning System Problem
– Sensor (Data Link Type) – Test
– Sensor Calibration Required – Test
– Sensor Signal (Analog, Active) – Test – Sensors on the J1 ECM
– Sensor Signal (Analog, Active) – Test – Sensors on the J2 ECM
– Sensor Signal (Analog, Passive) – Test
– Sensor Signal (PWM) – Test
– Sensor Supply – Test
– Service Information Report
– Service Tool Error Identifiers
– Service Tool Features
– Shutdown (Ground Level) – Test
– Solenoid Valve – Test – Solenoid Valves that Connect to the
– Solenoid Valve – Test – Solenoid Valves that Connect to the
– Soot Sensor – Test
– Speed Control (Analog) – Test
– Speed Control (PWM) – Test
– Speed/Timing – Test
– Switch Circuits – Test – Air Filter Restriction Switch
– Switch Circuits – Test – Multiposition Throttle Switch
– System Overview
– Test ECM Mode
– Valve Lash Is Excessive
– Valve Position – Test
– Water in Fuel – Test
– Welding Precaution